De Ce Contează Buffer-ul
Buffer prea mic = audio choppy. Buffer prea mare = latență crescută. Găsirea echilibrului potrivit este esențială pentru experiență bună.
Too Small
Audio breaks, clicks
Optimal
Smooth, low latency
Too Large
High latency, delay
Buffer Types
Input Buffer
Colectează audio de la microfon
Jitter Buffer
Compensează variații network
Playback Buffer
Smooth audio output
Prefetch Buffer
Pre-load TTS chunks
Jitter Buffer Strategies
Fixed Buffer
Constant size, simple implementation
May be too large or too small
Adaptive Buffer
Adjusts based on network conditions
More complex, better results
Minimum Buffer
Smallest possible for low latency
Risk of underruns
Adaptive Jitter Buffer Algorithm
// Simplified adaptive buffer sizing
function updateBufferSize(measuredJitter) {
const minBuffer = 50; // ms
const maxBuffer = 300; // ms
// Target buffer = 2x average jitter
let targetBuffer = measuredJitter * 2;
// Clamp to reasonable range
targetBuffer = Math.max(minBuffer, targetBuffer);
targetBuffer = Math.min(maxBuffer, targetBuffer);
// Smooth transition (don't change abruptly)
currentBuffer += (targetBuffer - currentBuffer) * 0.1;
return currentBuffer;
}Packet Loss Concealment
| Technique | Quality | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Zero Insertion | Low | Replace lost packets with silence |
| Repeat Last | Medium | Replay previous audio frame |
| Interpolation | High | Estimate missing audio from neighbors |
| Model-based PLC | Best | AI predicts missing audio |
Buffer Monitoring Metrics
Buffer Underruns
Count of times buffer emptied → increase size
Buffer Overruns
Count of discarded packets → decrease size
Average Jitter
Packet arrival time variance
Effective Latency
Actual delay introduced by buffer